24.2.1. ラスタ分析

傾斜方位
Color relief
Fill nodata
Grid (Data metrics)
Grid (IDW with nearest neighbor searching)
Grid (Inverse distance to a power)
Grid (Linear)
Grid (Moving average)
Grid (Nearest neighbor)
Hillshade
Near black
Proximity (raster distance)
Roughness
Sieve
傾斜
Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI)
Topographic Position Index (TPI)

24.2.1.1. 傾斜方位 

任意のGDALサポートの標高ラスタから方向図を作成します。方向は、傾きが向くコンパス方向です。ピクセルは、方位を示す北からの角度で測定された0〜360°の値を有することになります。北半球では、斜面の北側はしばしば影になり（0°-90°より小さな方位）、南側はより日射を受けます（180°-270°から高い方位）。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The number of the band to use as elevation
Return trigonometric angle instead of azimuth	`TRIG_ANGLE`	[boolean] Default: False	Activating the trigonometric angle results in different categories: 0° (East), 90° (North), 180° (West), 270° (South).
Return 0 for flat instead of -9999	`ZERO_FLAT`	[boolean] Default: False	Activating this option will insert a 0-value for the value -9999 on flat areas.
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Use Zevenbergen&Thorne formula instead of the Horn's one	`ZEVENBERGEN`	[boolean] Default: False	Activates Zevenbergen&Thorne formula for smooth landscapes
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Aspect	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Aspect	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with angle values in degrees

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:aspect

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.2. Color relief 

任意のGDALサポートの標高ラスタから有色起伏図を生成します。有色起伏図は特に標高を描写するために使用できます。アルゴリズムは、標高とテキストベースの色構成ファイルから計算された値を持つ4バンドラスターを出力します。デフォルトでは、与えられた標高値の間の色は滑らかにブレンドされ、その結果はきれいに色付けされた標高ラスタです。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The number of the band to use as elevation
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Color configuration file	`COLOR_TABLE`	[file]	A text-based color configuration file
Matching mode	`MATCH_MODE`	[enumeration] Default: 2	One of: 0 --- Use strict color matching 1 --- Use closest RGBA quadruples 2 --- Use smoothly blended colours
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Color relief	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Color relief	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	A 4-band output raster

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:colorrelief

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.3. Fill nodata 

データ値なしのラスタ領域を縁から補間によって埋めます。無データ領域の値は、逆距離加重を用い周辺sourrounding画素値によって計算されます。補間後の結果の平滑化はplacceをとります。入力は任意のGDALでサポートされているラスターレイヤーとすることができます。このアルゴリズムは、一般に、（例えば、例えば、標高モデルなどの）かなり連続的に変化するラスターの欠落領域を補間するのに適しています。それはまた、（航空写真のような）より不規則に変化する画像における小孔や亀裂を充填するのに適しています。これは、一般的にまばらなポイントデータからラスタを補間するためにはそれほど素晴らしくはないです。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL fillnodata utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The band to operate on. Nodata values must be represented by the value 0.
Maximum distance (in pixels) to search out for values to interpolate	`DISTANCE`	[number] Default: 10	The number of pixels to search in all directions to find values to interpolate from
Number of smoothing iterations to run after the interpolation	`ITERATIONS`	[number] Default: 0	The number of 3x3 filter passes to run (0 or more) to smoothen the results of the interpolation.
Do not use default validity mask for the input band	`NO_MASK`	[boolean] Default: False	Activates the user-defined validity mask
Validity mask	`MASK_LAYER`	[raster]	A raster layer that defines the areas to fill.
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Filled	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specification of the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Filled	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:fillnodata

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.4. Grid (Data metrics)

Computes some data metrics using the specified window and output grid geometry.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

参考

GDAL grid tutorial

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
Data metric to use	`METRIC`	[enumeration] Default: 0	One of: 0 --- Minimum, minimum value found in grid node search ellipse 1 --- Maximum, maximum value found in grid node search ellipse 2 --- Range, a difference between the minimum and maximum values found in grid node search ellipse 3 --- Count, a number of data points found in grid node search ellipse 4 --- Average distance, an average distance between the grid node (center of the search ellipse) and all of the data points found in grid node search ellipse 5 --- Average distance between points, an average distance between the data points found in grid node search ellipse. The distance between each pair of points within ellipse is calculated and average of all distances is set as a grid node value
The first radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_1`	[number] Default: 0.0	The first radius (X axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
The second radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_2`	[number] Default: 0.0	The second radius (Y axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
Angle of search ellipse rotation in degrees (counter clockwise)	`ANGLE`	[number] Default: 0.0	Angle of ellipse rotation in degrees. Ellipse rotated counter clockwise.
Minimum number of data points to use	`MIN_POINTS`	[number] Default: 0.0	Minimum number of data points to average. If less amount of points found the grid node considered empty and will be filled with NODATA marker.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (data metrics)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (data metrics)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:griddatametrics

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.5. Grid (IDW with nearest neighbor searching)

Computes the Inverse Distance to a Power gridding combined to the nearest neighbor method. Ideal when a maximum number of data points to use is required.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

参考

GDAL grid tutorial

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
Weighting power	`POWER`	[number] Default: 2.0	Weighting power
Smoothing	`SMOOTHING`	[number] Default: 0.0	Smoothing parameter
The radius of the search circle	`RADIUS`	[number] Default: 1.0	The radius of the search circle
Maximum number of data points to use	`MAX_POINTS`	[number] Default: 12	Do not search for more points than this number.
Minimum number of data points to use	`MIN_POINTS`	[number] Default: 0	Minimum number of data points to average. If less amount of points found the grid node considered empty and will be filled with NODATA marker.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (IDW with NN search)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (IDW with NN search)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:gridinversedistancenearestneighbor

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.6. Grid (Inverse distance to a power)

The Inverse Distance to a Power gridding method is a weighted average interpolator.

すべてのデータポイントの座標と出力グリッドジオメトリを含む散布データ値と入力配列を与えてください。この関数は、出力グリッド内の指定された位置の補間値を計算します。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

参考

GDAL grid tutorial

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
Weighting power	`POWER`	[number] Default: 2.0	Weighting power
Smothing	`SMOOTHING`	[number] Default: 0.0	Smoothing parameter
The first radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_1`	[number] Default: 0.0	The first radius (X axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
The second radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_2`	[number] Default: 0.0	The second radius (Y axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
Angle of search ellipse rotation in degrees (counter clockwise)	`ANGLE`	[number] Default: 0.0	Angle of ellipse rotation in degrees. Ellipse rotated counter clockwise.
Maximum number of data points to use	`MAX_POINTS`	[number] Default: 0	Do not search for more points than this number.
Minimum number of data points to use	`MIN_POINTS`	[number] Default: 0	Minimum number of data points to average. If less amount of points found the grid node considered empty and will be filled with NODATA marker.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (IDW)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (IDW)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:gridinversedistance

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.7. Grid (Linear)

Linear法は、点群のドロネー三角形分割を計算し、その三角形分割のどの三角形に点があるかを調べ、その三角形内の重心座標から線形補間を行うことで線形補間を実行します。半径に応じて、点がどの三角形にもない場合、アルゴリズムは最も近い点の値またはNODATA値を使用します。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
Search distance	`RADIUS`	[number] Default: -1.0	In case the point to be interpolated does not fit into a triangle of the Delaunay triangulation, use that maximum distance to search a nearest neighbour, or use nodata otherwise. If set to `-1`, the search distance is infinite. If set to `0`, no data value will be used.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (Linear)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (Linear)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:gridlinear

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.8. Grid (Moving average)

移動平均は、単純なデータ平均化アルゴリズムです。楕円形の移動ウィンドウを使用して値を検索し、ウィンドウ内のすべてのデータポイントを平均します。検索楕円は指定された角度、グリッドノードにある楕円の中心で回転させることができます。ウィンドウ内に十分なポイントがない場合、グリッドノードは空と見なされ、指定されたNODATA値で埋められます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

参考

GDAL grid tutorial

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
The first radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_1`	[number] Default: 0.0	The first radius (X axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
The second radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_2`	[number] Default: 0.0	The second radius (Y axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
Angle of search ellipse rotation in degrees (counter clockwise)	`ANGLE`	[number] Default: 0.0	Angle of ellipse rotation in degrees. Ellipse rotated counter clockwise.
Minimum number of data points to use	`MIN_POINTS`	[number] Default: 0.0	Minimum number of data points to average. If less amount of points found the grid node considered empty and will be filled with NODATA marker.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (moving average)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (moving average)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:gridaverage

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.9. Grid (Nearest neighbor)

最近傍法は補間または平滑化は何も行わず、グリッドノード検索楕円で見つかった最も近い点の値を取り、それを結果として返すだけです。何もポイントが見つからない場合は、指定されたNODATA値が返されます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL grid utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

参考

GDAL grid tutorial

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Point layer	`INPUT`	[vector: point]	Input point vector layer
The first radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_1`	[number] Default: 0.0	The first radius (X axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
The second radius of search ellipse	`RADIUS_2`	[number] Default: 0.0	The second radius (Y axis if rotation angle is 0) of the search ellipse
Angle of search ellipse rotation in degrees (counter clockwise)	`ANGLE`	[number] Default: 0.0	Angle of ellipse rotation in degrees. Ellipse rotated counter clockwise.
Nodata	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	No data marker to fill empty points
Z value from field Optional	`Z_FIELD`	[tablefield: numeric]	Field for the interpolation
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Interpolated (Nearest neighbour)	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Interpolated (Nearest neighbour)	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:gridnearestneighbor

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.10. Hillshade 

優れた陰影起伏効果を持つラスタを出力します。これは、地形を可視化するのに非常に便利です。必要に応じて、垂直方向と水平方向の単位の違いを考慮するために光源、垂直誇張係数および縮尺係数の方位と高度を指定できます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility .

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input Elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	Band containing the elevation information
Z factor (vertical exaggeration)	`Z_FACTOR`	[number] Default: 1.0	The factor exaggerates the height of the output elevation raster
Scale (ratio of vert. units to horiz.)	`SCALE`	[number] Default: 1.0	The ratio of vertical units to horizontal units
Azimuth of the light	`AZIMUTH`	[number] Default: 315.0	Defines the azimuth of the light shining on the elevation raster in degrees. If it comes from the top of the raster the value is 0, if it comes from the east it is 90 a.s.o.
Altitude of the light	`ALTITUDE`	[number] Default: 45.0	Defines the altitude of the light, in degrees. 90 if the light comes from above the elevation raster, 0 if it is raking light.
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Use Zevenbergen&Thorne formula (instead of the Horn's one)	`ZEVENBERGEN`	[boolean] Default: False	Activates Zevenbergen&Thorne formula for smooth landscapes
Combined shading	`COMBINED`	[boolean] Default: False
Multidirectional shading	`MULTIDIRECTIONAL`	[boolean] Default: False
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Hillshade	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer with interpolated values. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Hillshade	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster with interpolated values

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:hillshade

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.11. Near black 

Converts nearly black/white borders to black.

このアルゴリズムでは、画像をスキャンして、黒または白の襟周りのカスタムの色に近いか、正確に黒、白または一つ以上であるすべてのピクセルを設定しようとします。これは、モザイク時にカラーピクセルが透明として扱われるように、損失が多い圧縮をされた航空写真を「修正」するためによく使用されます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL nearblack utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input Elevation raster layer
How far from black (white)	`NEAR`	[number] Default: 15	Select how far from black, white or custom colors the pixel values can be and still considered near black, white or custom color.
Search for nearly white pixels instead of nearly black	`WHITE`	[boolean] Default: False	Search for nearly white (255) pixels instead of nearly black pixels
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Nearblack	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Nearblack	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:nearblack

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.12. Proximity (raster distance)

各画素の中心から対象画素として識別される最も近い画素の中心までの距離を示すラスタ近接地図を生成します。対象画素とは、ラスタ画素値が注目画素値の集合内にあるような、ソースラスタ内の画素です。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL proximity utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input Elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	Band containing the elevation information
A list of pixel values in the source image to be considered target pixels Optional	`VALUES`	[string] Default: ''	A list of target pixel values in the source image to be considered target pixels. If not specified, all non-zero pixels will be considered target pixels.
Distance units	`UNITS`	[enumeration] Default: 1	Indicate whether distances generated should be in pixel or georeferenced coordinates. One of: 0 --- Georeferenced coordinates 1 --- Pixel coordinates
The maximum distance to be generated Optional	`MAX_DISTANCE`	[number] Default: 0.0	The maximum distance to be generated. The nodata value will be used for pixels beyond this distance. If a nodata value is not provided, the output band will be queried for its nodata value. If the output band does not have a nodata value, then the value 65535 will be used. Distance is interpreted according to the value of Distance units.
Value to be applied to all pixels that are within the maxdist of target pixels Optional	`REPLACE`	[number] Default: 0.0	Specify a value to be applied to all pixels that are closer than the maximum distance from target pixels (including the target pixels) instead of a distance value.
Nodata value to use for the destination proximity raster Optional	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0	Specify the nodata value to use for the output raster
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the data type of the output raster file. Options: 0 --- Byte 1 --- Int16 2 --- UInt16 3 --- UInt32 4 --- Int32 5 --- Float32 6 --- Float64 7 --- CInt16 8 --- CInt32 9 --- CFloat32 10 --- CFloat64
Proximity map	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Proximity map	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:proximity

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.13. Roughness 

標高から計算された値を有するシングルバンドラスタを出力します。粗さは、表面の凹凸の度合いです。これは、中心画素とその周辺セルの最大セル間の差によって計算されます。粗度の決定は地形標高データの解析における役割を果たしています。それは河川の形態の計算に、一般に気候地理学と自然地理学で便利です。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The number of the band to use as elevation
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Roughness	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Roughness	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Single-band output roughness raster. The value -9999 is used as nodata value.

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:roughness

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.14. Sieve 

閾値サイズ（ピクセル単位）より小さいラスターポリゴンを削除し、それらを最大隣接ポリゴンの画素値で置き換えます。ラスタ地図上に小さな領域が大量にある場合に便利です。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL sieve utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Threshold	`THRESHOLD`	[number] Default: 10	Only raster polygons smaller than this size will be removed
Use 8-connectedness	`EIGHT_CONNECTEDNESS`	[boolean] Default: False	Use eight connectedness instead of four connectedness
Do not use the default validity mask for the input band	`NO_MASK`	[boolean] Default: False
Validity mask Optional	`MASK_LAYER`	[raster]	Validity mask to use instead of the default
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Sieved	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Sieved	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster layer.

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:sieve

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.15. 傾斜 

GDALでサポートされている標高ラスタから傾斜図を作成します。傾きは水平に対する傾きの角度です。傾斜値を指定するには、度か傾きのパーセントか、希望する方を選択できます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input Elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	Band containing the elevation information
Ratio of vertical units to horizontal	`SCALE`	[number] Default: 1.0	The ratio of vertical units to horizontal units
Slope expressed as percent (instead of degrees)	`AS_PERCENT`	[boolean] Default: False	Express slope as percent instead of degrees
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Use Zevenbergen&Thorne formula (instead of the Horn's one)	`ZEVENBERGEN`	[boolean] Default: False	Activates Zevenbergen&Thorne formula for smooth landscapes
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Additional command-line parameters Optional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Slope	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Slope	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:slope

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.16. Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI)

標高から計算された値を持つシングルバンドラスタを出力します。TRI（Terrain Ruggedness Index）は、中央画素とその周囲のセルとの間の平均差として定義される地形凹凸指数を表します

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The number of the band to use as elevation
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Terrain Ruggedness Index	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Terrain Ruggedness Index	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output ruggedness raster. The value -9999 is used as nodata value.

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:triterrainruggednessindex

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.

24.2.1.17. Topographic Position Index (TPI)

標高から計算された値を持つシングルバンドラスタを出力します。TPIは、地形位置指数を表し、中央ピクセルとその周囲のセルの平均との間の差として定義されます。

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL DEM utility.

Default menu: Raster ► Analysis

パラメーター

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input elevation raster layer
Band number	`BAND`	[raster band] Default: 1	The number of the band to use for elevation values
Compute edges	`COMPUTE_EDGES`	[boolean] Default: False	Generates edges from the elevation raster
Additional creation options Optional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: ''	For adding one or more creation options that control the raster to be created (colors, block size, file compression...). For convenience, you can rely on predefined profiles (see GDAL driver options section). For Batch Process: separate multiple options with a pipe character (`\|`).
Terrain Ruggedness Index	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File... The file encoding can also be changed here.

出力

ラベル	名前	タイプ	説明
Terrain Ruggedness Index	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster.

Python code

Algorithm ID: gdal:tpitopographicpositionindex

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

The algorithm id is displayed when you hover over the algorithm in the Processing Toolbox. The parameter dictionary provides the parameter NAMEs and values. See プロセシングアルゴリズムをコンソールから使う for details on how to run processing algorithms from the Python console.