21.2.8. The Marker, Picture and North Arrow Items

Along with the map or legend items in the print layout, you may want to decorate your realization with images or annotations. QGIS provides different tools to achieve this:

• the picture item: decorates the layout with an image raster or SVG file (e.g. logos, pictures, north arrows, …)

• the north arrow item: a picture item predefined with a north arrow image

• the marker item: decorates the layout with QGIS vector symbols. It can be used to place markers over a map item or for creation of advanced custom legends.

21.2.8.1. Das Bildelement

You can add a picture by dragging it from your file manager onto the canvas, pasting it directly into the layout by using Ctrl+V or Edit ► Paste and by using the ^{Add Picture}, following items creation instructions. Then you can manipulate it, as explained in Interacting with layout items.

When using ^{Add Picture}, the picture item will be a blank frame that you can customize using its Item Properties panel. Other than the items common properties, this feature has the following functionalities:

Haupteigenschaften

Abb. 21.50 Elementeigenschaften für Bilder

The picture item supports two types of images:

• Raster Image: a file selector widget can be used to fetch the data. Use the … ^Browse button to select a file on your computer or enter the path directly in the text field. You can even provide a remote URL that points to a picture. The associated image can also be embedded in the layout.

  Benutzen Sie die Schaltfläche ^{Datendefinierte Übersteuerung}, um die Bildquelle aus einem Objektattribut zu lesen oder über einen Ausdruck einzustellen.

• SVG Image: using by default the SVG libraries provided in Settings ► Options ► System ► SVG Paths. You can however use any other file, and the file selection follows the same rules as for the raster image. The SVG parameters can as well be set dynamic.

  The QGIS provided (default) .SVG files are customizable, meaning that you can easily apply other Fill color, Stroke color (including opacity) and Stroke width than the original, using their corresponding feature in the SVG Parameters group. These properties can also be data-defined.

  If you add an .SVG file that does not enable these properties, you may need to add the following tags to the file in order to add support e.g. for transparency:

  • fill-opacity=“param(fill-opacity)“

  • stroke-opacity=“param(outline-opacity)“

  More details at Parametrizable SVG.

Bemerkung

Drag-and-drop an image file (raster or SVG) into the layout page will create a layout picture item with corresponding settings.

Size and placement

Abb. 21.51 Layout pictures size and placement properties

Mit der Einstellung Größenmodus können Sie festlegen, wie das Bld dargestellt wird, wenn sich die Größe des Rahmens ändert:

• Zoom: enlarges/reduces the image to the frame while maintaining the aspect ratio of picture

• Stretch: stretches the image to fit inside the frame

• Clip: use this mode for raster images only, it sets the size of the image to the original image size without scaling, and the frame is used to clip the image. So only the part of the image that is inside the frame will be visible.

• Zoom and resize frame: enlarges the image to fit the frame, and then resizes frame to fit the resulting image dimensions

• Resize frame to image size: sets the size of the frame to match the original size of the image (no scaling)

Depending on the selected Resize mode, the Placement and Image rotation options may be disabled. Placement lets you select the position of the image inside its frame (top/middle/bottom and left/center/right).

Image rotation

Images can be rotated with the Image rotation field. Activating the Sync with map checkbox synchronizes the rotation of the image with the rotation applied to the selected map item. This is a convenient feature to make any picture behave as a north arrow. The North alignment can be:

• Grid north: the direction of a grid line which is parallel to the central meridian of the national/local grid

• True north: direction of a meridian of longitude.

Sie können der Bilddrehung auch einen Versatz für die Missweisung hinzufügen.

Abb. 21.52 Layout pictures image rotation properties

21.2.8.2. Das Nordpfeilelement

You can add a north arrow with the ^{Add North Arrow} button, following items creation instructions and manipulate it the same way as exposed in Interacting with layout items.

Since north arrows are images, the North Arrow item has the same properties as the picture item. The main differences are:

• A default north arrow is used when adding the item, instead of a blank frame

• The north arrow item is synced with a map item by default: the Sync with map property is the map over which the north arrow item is drawn. If none, it falls back to the reference map.

Bemerkung

Many of the north arrows do not have an ‚N‘ added in the north arrow. This is done on purpose, since there are languages that do not use an ‚N‘ for North.

Abb. 21.53 Nordpfeile, die von der SVG-Bibliothek zur Verfügung gestellt werden.

21.2.8.3. The Marker Item

To add a marker item, select the ^{Add Marker} button, and click on the page. A default point marker symbol is added. Then you can manipulate it, as explained in Interacting with layout items. But note that unlike most of the other items, you resize the item given that its size is controlled by the embedded symbols properties.

The marker item can be customized from the Item Properties panel. Other than the items common properties, you can also:

• modify the Symbol, relying on all the symbol widget capabilities

• sync the marker item rotation with the map’s (see Image rotation), acting as a north arrow. The map rotation is added to any existing marker symbol level rotation (so .e.g if you have to rotate the triangle marker 90° to get it pointing straight up, it will still work nicely in north arrow mode!)

Abb. 21.54 The marker item custom properties