Dialogul Proprietăților Rasterului¶

Layer Info¶

The General tab displays basic information about the selected raster, including the layer source path, the display name in the legend (which can be modified), and the number of columns, rows and no-data values of the raster.

Coordinate Reference System¶

Displays the layer’s Coordinate Reference System (CRS) as a PROJ.4 string. You can change the layer’s CRS, selecting a recently used one in the drop-down list or clicking on ^{Select CRS} button (see Coordinate Reference System Selector). Use this process only if the CRS applied to the layer is a wrong one or if none was applied. If you wish to reproject your data into another CRS, rather use layer reprojection algorithms from Processing or Save it into another layer.

Randare bandă¶

QGIS oferă patru Tipuri de Render diferite. Renderul ales depinde de tipul datelor.

1. Multiband color - if the file comes as a multiband with several bands (e.g., used with a satellite image with several bands)
2. Paletted - if a single band file comes with an indexed palette (e.g., used with a digital topographic map)
3. Singleband gray - (one band of) the image will be rendered as gray; QGIS will choose this renderer if the file has neither multibands nor an indexed palette nor a continuous palette (e.g., used with a shaded relief map)
4. Singleband pseudocolor - this renderer is possible for files with a continuous palette, or color map (e.g., used with an elevation map)

Multiband color

With the multiband color renderer, three selected bands from the image will be rendered, each band representing the red, green or blue component that will be used to create a color image. You can choose several Contrast enhancement methods: ‘No enhancement’, ‘Stretch to MinMax’, ‘Stretch and clip to MinMax’ and ‘Clip to min max’.

Raster Style - Multiband color rendering

This selection offers you a wide range of options to modify the appearance of your raster layer. First of all, you have to get the data range from your image. This can be done by choosing the Extent and pressing [Load]. QGIS can Estimate (faster) the Min and Max values of the bands or use the Actual (slower) Accuracy.

Now you can scale the colors with the help of the Load min/max values section. A lot of images have a few very low and high data. These outliers can be eliminated using the Cumulative count cut setting. The standard data range is set from 2% to 98% of the data values and can be adapted manually. With this setting, the gray character of the image can disappear. With the scaling option Min/max, QGIS creates a color table with all of the data included in the original image (e.g., QGIS creates a color table with 256 values, given the fact that you have 8 bit bands). You can also calculate your color table using the Mean +/- standard deviation x . Then, only the values within the standard deviation or within multiple standard deviations are considered for the color table. This is useful when you have one or two cells with abnormally high values in a raster grid that are having a negative impact on the rendering of the raster.

All calculations can also be made for the Current extent.

Paletted

Aceasta este opțiunea de randare standard pentru fișierele simplă bandă care includ deja un tabel de culori, în care valoarea fiecărui pixel este atribuită unei anumite culori de randare. În acest caz, paleta este randată automat. Dacă doriți să modificați culorile atribuite anumitor valori, doar faceți dublu-clic pe culoare și pe dialogul de Selectare culoare care apare. De asemenea, în QGIS este posibilă asignarea unei etichete valorilor culorilor. În acel caz, eticheta va apărea în legenda stratului raster.

Raster Style - Paletted Rendering

Îmbunătăţirea contrastului

Singleband gray

This renderer allows you to render a single band layer with a Color gradient: ‘Black to white’ or ‘White to black’. You can define a Min and a Max value by choosing the Extent first and then pressing [Load]. QGIS can Estimate (faster) the Min and Max values of the bands or use the Actual (slower) Accuracy.

Raster Style - Singleband gray rendering

With the Load min/max values section, scaling of the color table is possible. Outliers can be eliminated using the Cumulative count cut setting. The standard data range is set from 2% to 98% of the data values and can be adapted manually. With this setting, the gray character of the image can disappear. Further settings can be made with Min/max and Mean +/- standard deviation x . While the first one creates a color table with all of the data included in the original image, the second creates a color table that only considers values within the standard deviation or within multiple standard deviations. This is useful when you have one or two cells with abnormally high values in a raster grid that are having a negative impact on the rendering of the raster.

Singleband pseudocolor

Aceasta este o opțiune de randare pentru fișierele simplă bandă, incluzând o paletă continuă. Puteți crea aici, de asemenea, hărți individuale de culoare pentru benzile unice.

Raster Style - Singleband pseudocolor rendering

Three types of color interpolation are available:

1. Discrete

2. Liniar

3. Exact

In the left block, the button ^{Add values manually} adds a value to the individual color table. The button ^{Remove selected row} deletes a value from the individual color table, and the ^{Sort colormap items} button sorts the color table according to the pixel values in the value column. Double clicking on the value column lets you insert a specific value. Double clicking on the color column opens the dialog Change color, where you can select a color to apply on that value. Further, you can also add labels for each color, but this value won’t be displayed when you use the identify feature tool. You can also click on the button ^{Load color map from band}, which tries to load the table from the band (if it has any). And you can use the buttons ^{Load color map from file} or ^{Export color map to file} to load an existing color table or to save the defined color table for other sessions.

In the right block, Generate new color map allows you to create newly categorized color maps. For the Classification mode ‘Equal interval’, you only need to select the number of classes and press the button Classify. You can invert the colors of the color map by clicking the Invert checkbox. In the case of the Mode ‘Continuous’, QGIS creates classes automatically depending on the Min and Max. Defining Min/Max values can be done with the help of the Load min/max values section. A lot of images have a few very low and high data. These outliers can be eliminated using the Cumulative count cut setting. The standard data range is set from 2% to 98% of the data values and can be adapted manually. With this setting, the gray character of the image can disappear. With the scaling option Min/max, QGIS creates a color table with all of the data included in the original image (e.g., QGIS creates a color table with 256 values, given the fact that you have 8 bit bands). You can also calculate your color table using the Mean +/- standard deviation x . Then, only the values within the standard deviation or within multiple standard deviations are considered for the color table.

Randarea culorii¶

Pentru fiecare Randare de bandă, este posibilă o Randare de culoare.

You can also achieve special rendering effects for your raster file(s) using one of the blending modes (see Modurile de Fuziune).

Mai multe setări pot fi făcute prin modificarea Strălucirii, a Saturației și a Contrastului. Puteți utiliza, de asemenea, o opțiune Grayscale, în care puteți alege între ‘By lightness’, ‘By luminosity’ și ‘By average’. Pentru o nuanță din tabelul de culori, puteți modifica ‘Strength’.

Reeşantionare¶

Opțiunea Reeșantionare își face apariția atunci când măriți și micșorați o imagine. Modurile de reeșantionare pot optimiza aspectul hărții. Eie calculează o nouă matrice cu valori de gri, printr-o transformare geometrică.

Raster Style - Color rendering and Resampling settings

Atunci când se aplică metoda ‘Celui mai apropiat vecin ‘, harta poate avea o structură pixelată, la efectuarea unei transfocări. Aceasta aspect poate fi îmbunătățit prin utilizarea metodei ‘Biliniară’ sau ‘Cubică’, care poate determina ca entitățile ascuțite să fie neclare. Efectul constă într-o imagine mai fină. Această metodă poate fi aplicată, de exemplu, pentru hărți raster, topografice, digitale.

At the bottom of the Style tab, you can see a thumbnail of the layer, its legend symbol, and the palette.