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출력물 생성 작업

Figure_composer_output shows the Print Composer with an example print layout, including each type of map item described in the previous section.

../../../_images/print_composer_complete.png

Print Composer with map view, legend, image, scale bar, coordinates, text and HTML frame added

Before printing a layout you have the possibility to view your composition without bounding boxes. This can be enabled by deactivating View ‣ checkbox Show bounding boxes or pressing the shortcut Ctrl+Shift+B.

The Print Composer allows you to create several output formats, and it is possible to define the resolution (print quality) and paper size:

  • filePrint Print: 이 아이콘을 클릭하면 설치된 프린터 드라이버에 따라 레이아웃을 연결된 프린터 또는 PostScript 파일로 인쇄할 수 있습니다.

  • The saveMapAsImage Export as image icon exports the Composer canvas in several image formats, such as PNG, BPM, TIF, JPG,...
  • The saveAsSVG Export as SVG icon saves the Print Composer canvas as an SVG (Scalable Vector Graphic).
  • The saveAsPDF Export as PDF icon saves the defined Print Composer canvas directly as a PDF.

이미지로 내보내기

Clicking the saveMapAsImage Export as image icon will ask you to enter the filename to use to export composition: in the case of multi-page composition, each page will be exported to a file with the given name appended with the page number.

You can then override the print resolution and the exported image dimensions (set in Composition panel).

By checking checkbox Crop to content option, the image output by the composer includes the minimal area enclosing all the items (map, legend, scale bar, shapes, label, image...) of each page of the composition:

  • If the composition includes a single page, then the output is resized to include EVERYTHING on the composition. The page can then be reduced or extended to all items depending on their position (on, above, below, left or right of the page).
  • In case of a multi-page composition, each page will be resized to include items in its area (left and right sides for all pages, plus top for the first page and bottom for the last page). Each resized page is exported to a separate file.

The Crop to content dialog also allows to add some margins around the cropped bounds.

../../../_images/image_export_options.png

Image Export Options, output is resized to items extent

If you need to export your layout as a georeferenced image (e.g., to share with other projects), you need to enable this feature under the Composition Panel.

If the output format is a TIFF format, all you need to do is making sure to select the correct map item to use in selectString Reference map, and the output will always be a GeoTIFF. For other image formats, you also need to check the checkbox Save world file option. With this option, the ‘Export as image’ action will create a world file along with the exported image.

주석

Exporting large rasters can sometimes fail, even if there seems to be enough memory. This is a problem with the underlying Qt management of rasters.

SVG로 내보내기

With saveAsSVG Export as SVG, you also need to fill the filename (used as a basename for all files in case of multi-page composition) and then can apply checkbox Crop to content option.

The SVG export options dialog also allows to:

  • export map layers as svg groups:
  • render map labels as outlines
../../../_images/svg_export_options.png

SVG 내보내기 옵션

주석

현재 SVG 출력물은 매우 기초적입니다. 이것은 QGIS의 문제가 아니라, 기저 Qt 라이브러리의 문제입니다. Qt 향후 버전에서 해결되기를 바라고 있습니다.

PDF로 내보내기

The saveAsPDF Export as PDF exports all the composition into a single PDF file.

If you applied to your composition or any shown layer an advanced effect such as blend modes, transparency or symbol effects, these cannot be printed as vectors, and the effects may be lost. Checking Print as a raster in the Composition Panel helps to keep the effects but rasterize the composition. Note that the Force layer to render as raster in the Rendering tab of Layer Properties dialog is a layer-level alternative that avoids global composition rasterization.

If you need to export your layout as a georeferenced PDF, in the Composition Panel, make sure to select the correct map item to use in selectString Reference map.

지도책 생성

The Print Composer includes generation functions that allow you to create map books in an automated way. The concept is to use a coverage layer, which contains geometries and fields. For each geometry in the coverage layer, a new output will be generated where the content of some canvas maps will be moved to highlight the current geometry. Fields associated with this geometry can be used within text labels.

Every page will be generated with each feature. To enable the generation of an atlas and access generation parameters, refer to the Atlas generation panel.This panel contains the following widgets (see figure_composer_atlas):

../../../_images/atlas_properties.png

Atlas Generation Panel

  • checkbox Generate an atlas, which enables or disables the atlas generation.
  • A Coverage layer selectString combo box that allows you to choose the (vector) layer containing the features on which to iterate over.
  • An optional checkbox Hidden coverage layer that, if checked, will hide the coverage layer (but not the other ones) during the generation.
  • An optional Page name combo box to give a more explicit name to each feature page(s) when previewing atlas. You can select an attribute of the coverage layer or set an expression. If this option is empty, QGIS will use an internal ID, according to the filter and/or the sort order applied to the layer.
  • An optional Filter with text area that allows you to specify an expression for filtering features from the coverage layer. If the expression is not empty, only features that evaluate to True will be selected. The button on the right allows you to display the expression builder.
  • An optional checkbox Sort by that, if checked, allows you to sort features of the coverage layer. The associated combo box allows you to choose which column will be used as the sorting key. Sort order (either ascending or descending) is set by a two-state button that displays an up or a down arrow.

지도책의 출력물을 설정하는 옵션도 있습니다:

  • An Output filename expression textbox that is used to generate a filename for each geometry if needed. It is based on expressions. This field is meaningful only for rendering to multiple files.
  • A checkbox Single file export when possible that allows you to force the generation of a single file if this is possible with the chosen output format (PDF, for instance). If this field is checked, the value of the Output filename expression field is meaningless.

You can use multiple map items with the atlas generation; each map will be rendered according to the coverage features. To enable atlas generation for a specific map item, you need to check checkboxControlled by Atlas under the item properties of the map item. Once checked, you can set:

  • A radioButtonOn Margin around feature that allows you to select the amount of space added around each geometry within the allocated map. Its value is meaningful only when using the auto-scaling mode.
  • A radioButtonOff Predefined scale (best fit). It will use the best fitting option from the list of predefined scales in your project properties settings (see Project ‣ Project Properties ‣ General ‣ Project Scales to configure these predefined scales).
  • A radioButtonOff Fixed scale that allows you to toggle between auto-scale and fixed-scale mode. In fixed-scale mode, the map will only be translated for each geometry to be centered. In auto-scale mode, the map’s extents are computed in such a way that each geometry will appear in its entirety.

Labels

In order to adapt labels to the feature the atlas plugin iterates over, you can include expressions. What you should take care of is to place expression part (including functions, fields or variables) between [% and %]. For example, for a city layer with fields CITY_NAME and ZIPCODE, you could insert this:

The area of [% upper(CITY_NAME) || ',' || ZIPCODE || ' is '
format_number($area/1000000,2) %] km2

또는, 다음처럼 삽입할 수도 있죠:

The area of [% upper(CITY_NAME)%],[%ZIPCODE%] is
[%format_number($area/1000000,2) %] km2

The information [% upper(CITY_NAME) || ',' || ZIPCODE || ' is ' format_number($area/1000000,2) %] is an expression used inside the label. Both expressions would result in the generated atlas as:

The area of PARIS,75001 is 1.94 km2

Data Defined Override Buttons

There are several places where you can use a dataDefined Data Defined Override button to override the selected setting. These options are particularly useful with Atlas Generation.

For the following examples the Regions layer of the QGIS sample dataset is used and selected for Atlas Generation. We also assume the paper format A4 (210X297) is selected in the Composition panel for field Presets.

With a Data Defined Override button you can dynamically set the paper orientation. When the height (north-south) of the extents of a region is greater than its width (east-west), you rather want to use portrait instead of landscape orientation to optimize the use of paper.

In the Composition you can set the field Orientation and select Landscape or Portrait. We want to set the orientation dynamically using an expression depending on the region geometry. Press the dataDefined button of field Orientation, select Edit... so the Expression string builder dialog opens. Enter the following expression:

CASE WHEN bounds_width($atlasgeometry) > bounds_height($atlasgeometry)
THEN 'Landscape' ELSE 'Portrait' END

Now the paper orients itself automatically. For each Region you need to reposition the location of the composer item as well. For the map item you can use the dataDefined button of field Width to set it dynamically using following expression:

(CASE WHEN bounds_width($atlasgeometry) > bounds_height($atlasgeometry)
THEN 297 ELSE 210 END) - 20

Use the dataDefined button of field Height to provide following expression:

(CASE WHEN bounds_width($atlasgeometry) > bounds_height($atlasgeometry)
THEN 210 ELSE 297 END) - 20

When you want to give a title above the map in the center of the page, insert a label item above the map. First use the item properties of the label item to set the horizontal alignment to radioButtonOn Center. Next activate from Reference point the upper middle checkbox. You can provide the following expression for field X :

(CASE WHEN bounds_width($atlasgeometry) > bounds_height($atlasgeometry)
THEN 297 ELSE 210 END) / 2

For all other composer items you can set the position in a similar way so they are correctly positioned when the page is automatically rotated in portrait or landscape.

Information provided is derived from the excellent blog (in English and Portuguese) on the Data Defined Override options Multiple_format_map_series_using_QGIS_2.6 .

This is just one example of how you can use the Data Defined Override option.

Preview and generate

../../../_images/atlas_preview.png

지도책 미리보기 툴바

Once the atlas settings have been configured and composer items (map, table, image...) linked to it, you can create a preview of all the pages by clicking Atlas ‣ Preview Atlas or atlas Preview Atlas icon. You can then use the arrows in the same toolbar to navigate through all the features:

  • atlasFirst First feature: 첫 객체로 돌아갑니다.

  • atlasPrev Previous feature: 이전 객체로 돌아갑니다.

  • atlasNext Next feature: 다음 객체로 넘어갑니다.

  • atlasLast Last feature: 마지막 객체로 넘어갑니다.

콤보박스를 통해 특정 객체를 직접 선택해서 미리보기할 수도 있습니다. 이 콤보박스는 지도책의 Page name 옵션에서 설정한 표현식에 따라 지도책 객체의 명칭을 표시합니다.

As for simple compositions, an atlas can be generated in different ways (see 출력물 생성 작업 for more information). Instead of Composer menu, rather use tools from Atlas menu or Atlas toolbar.

This means that you can directly print your compositions with Atlas ‣ Print Atlas. You can also create a PDF using Atlas ‣ Export Atlas as PDF...: The user will be asked for a directory to save all the generated PDF files, except if the checkbox Single file export when possible has been selected. In that case, you’ll be prompted to give a filename.

With Atlas ‣ Export Atlas as Images... or Atlas ‣ Export Atlas as SVG... tool, you’re also prompted to select a folder. Each page of each atlas feature composition is exported to an image or SVG file.

참고

특정 지도책 객체 인쇄

If you want to print or export the composition of only one feature of the atlas, simply start the preview, select the desired feature in the drop-down list and click on Composer ‣ Print (or export... to any supported file format).