6. Advanced configuration

6.1. Logging

To log requests sent to the server, you have to set the following environment variable:

With the following variables the logging can be further customized:

6.2. Environment variables

You can configure some aspects of QGIS Server by setting environment variables.

According to the HTTP server and how you run QGIS Server, there are several ways to define these variables. This is fully described in Apache HTTP Server.

Name

Description

Default

Services

QGIS_OPTIONS_PATH

Specifies the path to the directory with settings. It works the same way as QGIS application --optionspath option. It is looking for settings file in <QGIS_OPTIONS_PATH>/QGIS/QGIS3.ini.

‘’

All

QGIS_PLUGINPATH

Useful if you are using Python plugins for the server, this sets the folder that is searched for Python plugins.

‘’

All

QGIS_PROJECT_FILE

The .qgs or .qgz project file, normally passed as a parameter in the query string (with MAP), you can also set it as an environment variable (for example by using mod_rewrite Apache module).

Note that you may also indicate a project stored in PostgreSQL, e.g. postgresql://localhost:5432?sslmode=disable&dbname=mydb&schema=myschema&project=myproject or inside a geopackage file, e.g. geopackage:/path/to/geopackage/file.gpkg?projectName=myProjectName.

‘’

All

QGIS_SERVER_ALLOWED_EXTRA_SQL_TOKENS

Comma separated list of strings that represent the allowed extra SQL tokens accepted as components of a feature filter.

‘’

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_API_RESOURCES_DIRECTORY

Base directory for all OGC API (such as OAPIF/WFS3) static resources (HTML templates, CSS, JS, …)

depends on packaging

OAPIF/WFS3

QGIS_SERVER_APPLICATION_NAME

Name of the application to be used, for instance when connecting to a database to identify the QGIS server instance connected

QGIS3 server

All

QGIS_SERVER_API_WFS3_MAX_LIMIT

Maximum value for limit in a OAPIF/WFS3 features request.

10000

OAPIF/WFS3

QGIS_SERVER_CACHE_DIRECTORY

Specifies the network cache directory on the filesystem.

cache in profile directory

All

QGIS_SERVER_CACHE_SIZE

Sets the network cache size in MB.

50 MB

All

QGIS_SERVER_CAPABILITIES_CACHE_SIZE

The maximum number of project capabilities to cache.

40

All

QGIS_SERVER_DISABLE_GETPRINT

This is an option at the project level to improve project read time by disabling loading of layouts.

Activating this option disables the QGIS WMS GetPrint request. Set this QGIS project flag to not load layouts.

false

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_FORCE_READONLY_LAYERS

Force QGIS Server to open all layers in a read only mode

false

All

QGIS_SERVER_IGNORE_BAD_LAYERS

“Bad” layers are layers that cannot be loaded. The default behavior of QGIS Server is to consider the project as not available if it contains a bad layer.

The default behavior can be overridden by setting this variable to 1 or true. In this case, “bad” layers will just be ignored, and the project will be considered valid and available.

false

All

QGIS_SERVER_LANDING_PAGE_PREFIX

Prefix of the path component of the landing page base URL

“”

All

QGIS_SERVER_LANDING_PAGE_PROJECTS_DIRECTORIES

Directories used by the landing page service to find .qgs and .qgz projects

“”

All

QGIS_SERVER_LANDING_PAGE_PROJECTS_PG_CONNECTIONS

PostgreSQL connection strings used by the landing page service to find projects

“”

All

QGIS_SERVER_LOG_FILE

Specify path and filename. Make sure that server has proper permissions for writing to file. File should be created automatically, just send some requests to server. If it’s not there, check permissions.

Warning

QGIS_SERVER_LOG_FILE is deprecated since QGIS 3.4, use QGIS_SERVER_LOG_STDERR instead. File logging support will be removed in QGIS 4.0.

‘’

All

QGIS_SERVER_LOG_LEVEL

Specify desired log level. Available values are:

  • 0 or INFO (log all requests)

  • 1 or WARNING

  • 2 or CRITICAL (log just critical errors, suitable for production purposes)

0

All

QGIS_SERVER_LOG_PROFILE

Add detailed profile information to the logs, only effective when QGIS_SERVER_LOG_LEVEL=0

false

All

QGIS_SERVER_LOG_STDERR

Activate logging to stderr. This variable has no effect when QGIS_SERVER_LOG_FILE is set.

  • 0 or false (case insensitive)

  • 1 or true (case insensitive)

false

All

QGIS_SERVER_MAX_THREADS

Number of threads to use when parallel rendering is activated. If value is -1 it uses the number of processor cores.

-1

All

QGIS_SERVER_OVERRIDE_SYSTEM_LOCALE

Sets LOCALE to be used by QGIS server. The default value is empty (no override).

Example: de_CH.utf8

‘’

All

QGIS_SERVER_PARALLEL_RENDERING

Activates parallel rendering for WMS GetMap requests. It’s disabled (false) by default. Available values are:

  • 0 or false (case insensitive)

  • 1 or true (case insensitive)

false

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_PROJECT_CACHE_CHECK_INTERVAL

Controls the periodic strategy interval for cache invalidation, in milliseconds. Defaults to 0 which selects the legacy File system watcher.

All

QGIS_SERVER_PROJECT_CACHE_STRATEGY

Defines method for invalidating the project cache. Available strategies are:

  • filesystem: uses the file system watcher strategy

  • periodic: uses the last modified value of a project for checking changes on project configuration. Convenient on atypical file systems, such as NFS, or when the project file is stored in a database system like PostgreSQL.

  • off: disables internal cache invalidation completely

filesystem

All

QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL

This is an option to set the service URL if it is not present in the project.

The service URL is defined from (in order of precedence):

  • Value defined in the project per service

  • The QGIS_SERVER_<service>_SERVICE_URL environment variable

  • The QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL environment variable

  • The X-Qgis-<service>-Service-Url header

  • The X-Qgis-Service-Url header

  • Build from the Forwarded header

  • Build from the X-Forwarded-Host and X-Forwarded-Proto headers

  • Build from the Host header and the server protocol

  • Build from the server name and the server protocol.

In the last four cases, the resulting Service URL is based on the MAP parameter provided in the query string and on the incoming path request.

‘’

All

QGIS_SERVER_SHOW_GROUP_SEPARATOR

Defines whether a group separator (e.g. thousand separator) should be used for numeric values (e.g. in GetFeatureInfo responses). The default value is 0.

  • 0 or false (case insensitive)

  • 1 or true (case insensitive)

false

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_TRUST_LAYER_METADATA

This is an option at the project level to improve project read time by using the vector layer extents defined in the project metadata and disabling the check for PostgreSQL/PostGIS layer primary key uniqueness.

Trusting layer metadata can be forced by setting this variable to 1 or true. The vector layer’s extent will then be the one defined in the project, and the PostgreSQL/PostGIS layer’s primary key defined in the data source is considered as unique without a check.

Do not use it if layers’ extent is not fixed during the project’s use.

false

All

QGIS_SERVER_WCS_SERVICE_URL

This is an option to set the service URL if it is not present in the project. See QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL for more information.

‘’

WCS

QGIS_SERVER_WFS_SERVICE_URL

This is an option to set the service URL if it is not present in the project. See QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL for more information.

‘’

WFS

QGIS_SERVER_WMS_MAX_HEIGHT / QGIS_SERVER_WMS_MAX_WIDTH

Maximum height/width for a WMS request. The most conservative between this and the project one is used. If the value is -1, it means that there is no maximum set.

-1

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_WMS_SERVICE_URL

This is an option to set the service URL if it is not present in the project. See QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL for more information.

‘’

WMS

QGIS_SERVER_WMTS_SERVICE_URL

This is an option to set the service URL if it is not present in the project. See QGIS_SERVER_SERVICE_URL for more information.

‘’

WMTS

QUERY_STRING

The query string, normally passed by the web server. This variable can be useful while testing QGIS server binary from the command line.

For example for testing a GetCapabilities request on the command line to a project that also requires a PostgreSQL connection defined in a pg_service.conf file:

PGSERVICEFILE=/etc/pg_service.conf \
QUERY_STRING="MAP=/home/projects/world.qgs&SERVICE=WMS&REQUEST=GetCapabilities" \
/usr/lib/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi

The result should be either the content of the GetCapabilities response or, if something is wrong, an error message.

‘’

All

6.3. Settings summary

When QGIS Server is starting, you have a summary of all configurable parameters thanks to environment variables. Moreover, the value currently used and the origin is also displayed.

For example with spawn-fcgi:

export QGIS_OPTIONS_PATH=/home/user/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/
export QGIS_SERVER_LOG_STDERR=1
export QGIS_SERVER_LOG_LEVEL=2
spawn-fcgi -f /usr/lib/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi -s /tmp/qgisserver.sock -U www-data -G www-data -n

 QGIS Server Settings:

   - QGIS_OPTIONS_PATH / '' (Override the default path for user configuration): '/home/user/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/' (read from ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_PARALLEL_RENDERING / '/qgis/parallel_rendering' (Activate/Deactivate parallel rendering for WMS getMap request): 'true' (read from INI_FILE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_MAX_THREADS / '/qgis/max_threads' (Number of threads to use when parallel rendering is activated): '4' (read from INI_FILE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_LOG_LEVEL / '' (Log level): '2' (read from ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_LOG_STDERR / '' (Activate/Deactivate logging to stderr): '1' (read from ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)

   - QGIS_PROJECT_FILE / '' (QGIS project file): '' (read from DEFAULT_VALUE)

   - MAX_CACHE_LAYERS / '' (Specify the maximum number of cached layers): '100' (read from DEFAULT_VALUE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_CACHE_DIRECTORY / '/cache/directory' (Specify the cache directory): '/root/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/cache' (read from DEFAULT_VALUE)

   - QGIS_SERVER_CACHE_SIZE / '/cache/size' (Specify the cache size): '52428800' (read from INI_FILE)

 Ini file used to initialize settings: /home/user/.local/share/QGIS/QGIS3/profiles/default/QGIS/QGIS3.ini

In this particular case, we know that QGIS_SERVER_MAX_THREADS and QGIS_SERVER_PARALLEL_RENDERING values are read from the ini file found in QGIS_OPTIONS_PATH directory (which is defined through an environment variable). The corresponding entries in the ini file are /qgis/max_threads and /qgis/parallel_rendering and their values are true and 4 threads.

6.4. Connection to service file

In order to make apache aware of the PostgreSQL service file (see the PostgreSQL Service connection file section) you need to make your *.conf file look like:

SetEnv PGSERVICEFILE /home/web/.pg_service.conf

<Directory "/home/web/apps2/bin/">
  AllowOverride None
.....

6.5. Add fonts to your linux server

Keep in mind that you may use QGIS projects that point to fonts that may not exist by default on other machines. This means that if you share the project, it may look different on other machines (if the fonts don’t exist on the target machine).

In order to ensure this does not happen you just need to install the missing fonts on the target machine. Doing this on desktop systems is usually trivial (double clicking the fonts).

For linux, if you don’t have a desktop environment installed (or you prefer the command line) you need to:

  • On Debian based systems:

    sudo su
mkdir -p /usr/local/share/fonts/truetype/myfonts && cd /usr/local/share/fonts/truetype/myfonts

# copy the fonts from their location
cp /fonts_location/* .

chown root *
cd .. && fc-cache -f -v

  • On Fedora based systems:

    sudo su
mkdir /usr/share/fonts/myfonts && cd /usr/share/fonts/myfonts

# copy the fonts from their location
cp /fonts_location/* .

chown root *
cd .. && fc-cache -f -v