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Módulo de Interpolação

The Interpolation plugin can be used to generate a TIN or IDW interpolation of a point vector layer. It is very simple to handle and provides an intuitive graphical user interface for creating interpolated raster layers (see Figure_interpolation). The plugin requires the following parameters to be specified before running:

  • Input Vector layers: Specify the input point vector layer(s) from a list of loaded point layers. If several layers are specified, then data from all layers is used for interpolation. Note: It is possible to insert lines or polygons as constraints for the triangulation, by specifying either “points”, “structure lines” or “break lines” in the Type selectString combo box.
  • Interpolation attribute: Select the attribute column to be used for interpolation or enable the checkbox Use Z-Coordinate checkbox to use the layer’s stored Z values.
  • Interpolation Method: Select the interpolation method. This can be either ‘Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)’ or ‘Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW)’. With the TIN method you can create a surface formed by triangles of nearest neighbor points. To do this, circumcircles around selected sample points are created and their intersections are connected to a network of non overlapping and as compact as possible triangles. The resulting surfaces are not smooth. When using the IDW method the sample points are weighted during interpolation such that the influence of one point relative to another declines with distance from the unknown point you want to create. The IDW interpolation method also has some disadvantages: the quality of the interpolation result can decrease, if the distribution of sample data points is uneven. Furthermore, maximum and minimum values in the interpolated surface can only occur at sample data points. This often results in small peaks and pits around the sample data points.
  • options Configure Interpolation Method: Configure the interpolation method you have chosen. For the TIN method you can choose between Linear and Clough Toucher (cubic) interpolation methods. You can also save the triangulation in shapefile format. For IDW interpolation you can set the distance coefficient.
  • Number of columns/rows: Specify the number of rows and columns for the output raster file.

  • Ficheiro de Saída: Especifique o nome para o ficheiro raster de saída.

  • checkbox Adicionar resultado ao projecto para carregar o resultado para o enquadramento do mapa.

Note that using lines as constraints for the interpolation the triangulation (TIN method) you can either use ‘structure lines’ or ‘break lines’. When using ‘break lines’ you produce sharp breaks in the surface while using ‘structure lines’ you produce continuous breaks. The triangulation is modified by both methods such that no edge crosses a breakline or structure line.

../../../_images/interpolate_dialog.png

Módulo de Interpolação

Usando o módulo

  1. Start QGIS and load a point vector layer (e.g., elevp.csv).
  2. Load the Interpolation plugin in the Plugin Manager (see The Plugins Dialog) and click on the Raster ‣ Interpolation ‣ rasterInterpolate Interpolation menu, which appears in the QGIS menu bar. The Interpolation plugin dialog appears as shown in Figure_interpolation.
  3. Select an input layer (e.g., elevp selectString) and column (e.g., ELEV) for interpolation.
  4. Select an interpolation method (e.g., ‘Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)’), and specify a cell size of 5000 as well as the raster output filename (e.g., elevation_tin).

  5. Clique [OK].