.. index:: QGIS Server; WMS Server; WFS Server; WCS Server .. _`label_qgisserver_tutorial`: |LS| Install QGIS Server =============================================================================== **The goal for this lesson:** To learn how to install **QGIS Server** on Debian Stretch. With negligible variations you can also follow it for any Debian based distribution like Ubuntu and its derivatives. .. note:: In Ubuntu you can use your regular user, prepending ``sudo`` to commands requiring admin permissions. In Debian you can work as admin (``root``), without using ``sudo``. |moderate| |FA| Install from packages ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In this lesson we're going to do only the install from packages as shown `here <https://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/alldownloads.html#linux>`_ . Install QGIS Server with: .. code-block:: bash apt install qgis-server --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests # if you want to install server plugins, also: apt install python-qgis QGIS Server should be used in production without QGIS Desktop (with the accompanying X Server) installed on the same machine. |moderate| |FA| QGIS Server Executable ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The QGIS Server executable is ``qgis_mapserv.fcgi``. You can check where it has been installed by running ``find / -name 'qgis_mapserv.fcgi'`` which should output something like ``/usr/lib/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi``. Optionally, if you want to do a command line test at this time you can run the ``/usr/lib/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi --version`` command which should output something like: :: QGIS 3.21.0-Master 'Master' (1c70953f1e) QGIS code revision 1c70953f1e Qt version 5.15.2 Python version 3.9.5 GDAL/OGR version 3.2.2 PROJ version 7.2.1 EPSG Registry database version v10.008 (2020-12-16) GEOS version 3.9.0-CAPI-1.16.2 SQLite version 3.34.1 OS Ubuntu 21.04 We'll see later on how to make WMS requests. |hard| HTTP Server Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In order to access on the installed QGIS server from an Internet Browser we need to use an HTTP server. The Apache HTTP Server installation process is detailed in :ref:`httpserver` section. .. note:: If you installed QGIS Server without running an X Server (included in Linux Desktop) and if you also want to use the ``GetPrint`` command then you should install a fake X Server and tell QGIS Server to use it. You can do that by following the :ref:`Xvfb installation process <xvfb>`. |moderate| |FA| Create another virtual host ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Let's create another Apache virtual host pointing to QGIS Server. You can choose whatever name you like (``coco.bango``, ``super.duper.training``, ``example.com``, etc.) but for simplicity sake we're going to use ``myhost``. * Let's set up the ``myhost`` name to point to the localhost IP by adding ``127.0.0.1 x`` to the :file:`/etc/hosts` with the following command: ``sh -c "echo '127.0.0.1 myhost' >> /etc/hosts"`` or by manually editing the file with ``gedit /etc/hosts``. * We can check that ``myhost`` points to the localhost by running in the terminal the ``ping myhost`` command which should output: .. code-block:: bash qgis@qgis:~$ ping myhost PING myhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms 64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms * Let's try if we can access QGIS Server from the ``myhost`` site by doing: ``curl http://myhost/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi`` or by accessing the url from your Debian box browser. You will probably get: .. code-block:: html <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>404 Not Found</title> </head><body> <h1>Not Found</h1> <p>The requested URL /cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi was not found on this server.</p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.4.25 (Debian) Server at myhost Port 80</address> </body></html> * Apache doesn't know that he's supposed to answer requests pointing to the server named ``myhost``. In order to setup the virtual host the simplest way would be to make a ``myhost.conf`` file in the :file:`/etc/apache2/sites-available` directory that has the same content as :file:`qgis.demo.conf` except for the ``ServerName`` line that should be ``ServerName myhost``. You could also change where the logs go as otherwise the logs for the two virtual hosts would be shared but this is optional. * Let's now enable the virtual host with ``a2ensite myhost.conf`` and then reload the Apache service with ``service apache2 reload``. * If you try again to access the http://myhost/cgi-bin/qgis_mapserv.fcgi url you'll notice everything is working now! |IC| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You learned how to install different QGIS Server versions from packages, how to configure Apache with QGIS Server, on Debian based Linux distros. |WN| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Now that you've installed QGIS Server and it's accessible through the HTTP protocol, we need to learn how to access some of the services it can offer. The topic of the next lesson is to learn how to access QGIS Server WMS services. .. Substitutions definitions - AVOID EDITING PAST THIS LINE This will be automatically updated by the find_set_subst.py script. If you need to create a new substitution manually, please add it also to the substitutions.txt file in the source folder. .. |FA| replace:: Follow Along: .. |IC| replace:: In Conclusion .. |LS| replace:: Lesson: .. |WN| replace:: What's Next? .. |hard| image:: /static/common/hard.png .. |moderate| image:: /static/common/moderate.png