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Kommunikation mit dem Nutzer.

This section shows some methods and elements that should be used to communicate with the user, in order to keep consistency in the User Interface.

Showing messages. The QgsMessageBar class

Using message boxes can be a bad idea from a user experience point of view. For showing a small info line or a warning/error messages, the QGIS message bar is usually a better option.

Using the reference to the QGIS interface object, you can show a message in the message bar with the following code

from qgis.gui import QgsMessageBar
iface.messageBar().pushMessage("Error", "I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that", level=QgsMessageBar.CRITICAL)
../../_images/errorbar.png

QGIS Message bar

You can set a duration to show it for a limited time

iface.messageBar().pushMessage("Error", "Ooops, the plugin is not working as it should", level=QgsMessageBar.CRITICAL, duration=3)
../../_images/errorbar-timed.png

QGIS Message bar with timer

The examples above show an error bar, but the level parameter can be used to creating warning messages or info messages, using the QgsMessageBar.WARNING and QgsMessageBar.INFO constants respectively.

../../_images/infobar.png

QGIS Message bar (info)

Widgets can be added to the message bar, like for instance a button to show more info

def showError():
    pass

widget = iface.messageBar().createMessage("Missing Layers", "Show Me")
button = QPushButton(widget)
button.setText("Show Me")
button.pressed.connect(showError)
widget.layout().addWidget(button)
iface.messageBar().pushWidget(widget, QgsMessageBar.WARNING)
../../_images/bar-button.png

QGIS Message bar with a button

You can even use a message bar in your own dialog so you don’t have to show a message box, or if it doesn’t make sense to show it in the main QGIS window

class MyDialog(QDialog):
    def __init__(self):
        QDialog.__init__(self)
        self.bar = QgsMessageBar()
        self.bar.setSizePolicy( QSizePolicy.Minimum, QSizePolicy.Fixed )
        self.setLayout(QGridLayout())
        self.layout().setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.buttonbox = QDialogButtonBox(QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
        self.buttonbox.accepted.connect(self.run)
        self.layout().addWidget(self.buttonbox, 0, 0, 2, 1)
        self.layout().addWidget(self.bar, 0, 0, 1, 1)

    def run(self):
        self.bar.pushMessage("Hello", "World", level=QgsMessageBar.INFO)
../../_images/dialog-with-bar.png

QGIS Message bar in custom dialog

Showing progress

Progress bars can also be put in the QGIS message bar, since, as we have seen, it accepts widgets. Here is an example that you can try in the console.

import time
from PyQt4.QtGui import QProgressBar
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
progressMessageBar = iface.messageBar().createMessage("Doing something boring...")
progress = QProgressBar()
progress.setMaximum(10)
progress.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)
progressMessageBar.layout().addWidget(progress)
iface.messageBar().pushWidget(progressMessageBar, iface.messageBar().INFO)
for i in range(10):
    time.sleep(1)
    progress.setValue(i + 1)
iface.messageBar().clearWidgets()

Also, you can use the built-in status bar to report progress, as in the next example

count = layers.featureCount()
for i, feature in enumerate(features):
    #do something time-consuming here
    ...
    percent = i / float(count) * 100
    iface.mainWindow().statusBar().showMessage("Processed {} %".format(int(percent)))
iface.mainWindow().statusBar().clearMessage()

Logging

You can use the QGIS logging system to log all the information that you want to save about the execution of your code.

# You can optionally pass a 'tag' and a 'level' parameters
QgsMessageLog.logMessage("Your plugin code has been executed correctly", 'MyPlugin', QgsMessageLog.INFO)
QgsMessageLog.logMessage("Your plugin code might have some problems", level=QgsMessageLog.WARNING)
QgsMessageLog.logMessage("Your plugin code has crashed!", level=QgsMessageLog.CRITICAL)